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  1. This study aimed to measure the serum and synovial interleukin (IL)-37 levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (PKOA) and healthy controls and to dete...

    Authors: Eman A. Baraka, Mona G. Balata, Shereen H. Ahmed, Afaf F. Khamis and Enas A. Elattar
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:16
  2. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Noha M. Abdel Baki, Abeer Mohamed Ahmed Zahran, Abeir Osman Dabbous, Rabab Ahmed Koura and Mona Mohamed Hamdy
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:17

    The original article was published in Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:3

  3. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease which is mainly attributed to autoantibodies, cytokines, and immune complex deposition. Studies have demonstrated that cytokines and autoantibodies were ...

    Authors: Mervat E. Abdelazeem, Marwa I. Abdelhaleem, Rabab A. Mohamed and Enas A. Abdelaleem
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:15
  4. Lupus nephritis can be seen in up to 60% of all SLE patients with 10–15% of nephritis patients progressing to end-stage renal disease; late diagnosis of lupus nephritis is correlated with a higher frequency of...

    Authors: Hesham M. Hefny, Esam M. Abualfadl, Emad A. M. Youssef, Mohamed Ali Ismail, Tamer M. Soliman, Ahmed Roshdi Hamed Ahmed and Hanan S. M. Abozaid
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:13
  5. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a debilitating autoimmune disease with major contribution to the worldwide morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the causes of mortality in systemic lupus ery...

    Authors: Abdelkawy Moghazy and Amira M. Ibrahim
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:14
  6. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common childhood disease which causes significant impairment in quality of life. The aim of the study is to assess the health-related quality of life and its relation t...

    Authors: Enas A. Abdelaleem, Dina A. Ezzat and Gehad R. Mostafa
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:12
  7. There are few epidemiological data to support rehabilitation programs for cerebral palsy (CP). Scarce international studies described the developmental anomalies (DAs) among children with CP. To our knowledge,...

    Authors: Saeed Al-Garni, Shereen Derbala, Hatem Saad and Ahmed I. Maaty
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:9
  8. A growing body of evidence suggested that uric acid (UA) may contribute in the pathways underlying osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis; however, studies that investigated the relationship between UA and OA emerge...

    Authors: Sherine Abdel Rahman Abdel Karim Bassiouni, Mohamed Ali El Adalany, Maha Abdelsalam and Ola Mohammad Gharbia
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:8
  9. Supraspinatus tendon is a part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, partial or full-thickness tear can affect the tendon secondary to trauma or repeated microtrauma. The aim of the present study is to evaluate...

    Authors: Sarah Saad Mohamed Ahmed Serya, Nanis Onsy Neseem, Reham M. Shaat, Khaled Nour.A. and Mohammad K. Senna
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:10
  10. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting people in the region of the Mediterranean Sea. It is usually associated with mutation in Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene that encode...

    Authors: Yomna Farag, Samia Salah, Hanan Tawfik, Mai Hamed and Huda Marzouk
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:7
  11. This study was carried out to achieve an Egyptian expert consensus on a treat-to-target management strategy for osteoporosis using Delphi technique. A scientific committee identified researchers and clinicians...

    Authors: Yasser El Miedany, Mohammed Hassan Abu-Zaid, Maha El Gaafary, Mona Mansour Hasab El Naby, Nihal Fathi, Heba Gamal Saber, Waleed Hassan, Mervat Eissa, Nevine Mohannad, Henaz Khaled, Mohamed Mortada, Samah Ismail Nasef, Salwa Galal, Rasha Ghaleb, Samar Abd Alhamed Tabra, Sally S. Mohamed…
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:5
  12. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD) is the second most common form of the crystal-associated arthritis. Diagnosis is achieved by detection of crystals by polarized light microscopy and/or...

    Authors: Mohamed Ismail Abdelkareem, Abdou Saad Taha Ellabban, Ahmed Hamed Ismail, Mohamed Moneer Rayan and Rasha Ali Abdel-Magied
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:6
  13. Hearing is commonly impaired in Behçet’s disease (BD). Also, vestibular abnormalities as well as cochlear function affection have been found. The inflammatory process which leads to BD may be the cause of vest...

    Authors: Noha M. Abdel Baki, Abeer Mohamed Ahmed Zahran, Abeir Osman Dabbous, Rabab Ahmed Koura and Mona Mohamed Hamdy
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:3

    The Correction to this article has been published in Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:17

  14. Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative condition of the cervical spine that can affect the cervical nerve roots. The origin of the phrenic nerve makes it vulnerable to injury. The purpose of this study...

    Authors: Rowaida Hamdy Ali, Mai Mohamed Farouk and Salwa Galal Moussa
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:2
  15. Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a common disorder causing pain and functional limitations especially in athletes and manual workers. There is a growing interest in regenerative injection therapies in chronic LE....

    Authors: Mohja Ahmed El-Badawy, Hanaa Ahmed El-Nagaar, Mona Mansour Mohammed, Naglaa Youssef Assaf and Reem Mohammed Ezz El-Din EL-Mallah
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2021 48:1
  16. Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is considered the commonest tendon pathology, occurring mainly in athletes. Different conservative treatment options have been introduced but with short-term effects; however, extrac...

    Authors: Reem EL-Mallah and Enas A. Elattar
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:32
  17. Total knee replacement operation (TKR) is the treatment of choice in severe knee osteoarthritis (OA). Rehabilitation post-TKR is still not well studied. The aim of this study was to compare between the high-in...

    Authors: Rabab S. Zaghlol, Sahar S. Khalil, Ahmed M. Attia and Ghada A. Dawa
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:31
  18. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive auto-inflammatory disease. Arthritis in early-onset FMF is a common finding. The aim of this study was to assess frequency of arthritis in 200 Egypt...

    Authors: Yomna Farag, Heba Taher, Noha Mostafa Seleem, Diana Fahim and Huda Marzouk
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:48
  19. Serum14-3-3η protein plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as it is a joint-derived proinflammatory mediator. Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) plays an immune regulatory and bone remode...

    Authors: Nivine Fathi Darwish, Shymaa Ahmed Hablas, Nivin Naeem Baiomy and El Sayed Mohamed Hamid Rageh
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:43
  20. Myofascial pain syndrome is a common musculoskeletal problem affecting the trapezius muscle. The aim was to assess the presence of spinal accessory neuropathy in patients with unilateral chronic trapezius myof...

    Authors: Asmaa Farouk El Sayed El Sharnoby, Hussein Al-Moghazy Sultan and Emmanuel Kamal Aziz Saba
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:28
  21. Multiple lower limb joint involvement is one of the most common and debilitating musculoskeletal conditions, while the complaints from both heel and knee pain are considered the most frequent. For that reason,...

    Authors: Mohamed Hassan Imam, Hamdy Korium, Ahmed Hafez Ahmed Afifi, Heba Alla Mohamed Abd El-Moniem and Yousra Hisham Abdel-Fatah
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:41
  22. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients often suffer hand function limitations even in the absence of symptoms related to joint or tendon disorders. Recent researches reported the presence of ultrasonograp...

    Authors: Omneya Mohamed-Ayman Abdel-Moniem, Sherine El-Sherif, Mohamed Sami Barakat, Diaa Fahmy Mohasseb and Yousra Hisham Abdel-Fattah
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:33
  23. Obesity and osteoarthritis are often concomitant. Both are accompanied by oxidative stress and stimulated inflammatory response. Exercise is considered a substantial treatment in rehabilitation of both conditi...

    Authors: Reham M. Shaat, Tamer O. Elsaid, Aymen EL Baz, Rehan Monir and Shereen Aly Machaly
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:27
  24. Vitamin D (vit D) deficiency has recently been associated with risk of development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this research was to assess vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression in Egyptian pati...

    Authors: Nevine Mohannad, Eman Saad Nassar, Mai Moaaz, Rehab Elnemr and Eman Anwar Sultan
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:44
  25. Rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT) is a leading cause of shoulder pain and disability. Management is mainly conservative, but the limited ability of tendons to regenerate is the main cause of unsatisfactory resul...

    Authors: Hala M. Abd Elsabour Sabaah and Mary A. Nassif
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:40
  26. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects about 1–3% of the population making it one of the most popular autoimmune diseases. Chemokines through switching on their receptors exert a climacteric role in RA pathogenesis...

    Authors: Eman A. Baraka, Sami A. Egilla, Gamal A. Hamad, Maiada A. Khalil, Shereen H. Ahmed and Mona M. Elbehisy
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:42
  27. Women are more affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than men and the incidence of RA in women increases around the age of menopause indicating that hormonal factors may have a role in disease pathogenesis and...

    Authors: Sahar A. Elsayed, Doris M. Henry and Esam M. Abu Elfadl
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:46
  28. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global health, social, and economic crisis. Healthcare professionals, patients, healthy individuals, and the whole community are under inevitable p...

    Authors: Marwa A. H. Hammad, Mervat Eissa and Ghada A. Dawa
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:45
  29. Behcet’s disease (BD) is associated with uveitis, oral ulcers, genital ulcers and arthritis. Enhanced activity of innate immunity components, such as neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells and endothelial cell...

    Authors: Reham M. Shaat, Samah El Meadawy, Ehsan Mohamed Rizk, Mohamed Sherif Abd Elgawad and Tamer O. Elsaid
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:26
  30. Systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease, has endothelial dysfunction and tissue fibrosis. The lack of its specific activity markers urges the research. Endocan is an immunomodulatory protein associated...

    Authors: Marwa Yahia Mahgoub, Ali Ibrahim Fouda, Ahmed Yousef Elshambaky, Walaa Bayoumie Elgazzar and Sara Abdellatif Shalaby
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:23
  31. Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a popular overuse syndrome involving the forearm’s extensor tendons. Corticosteroid (CS) injection is the popular injection used for management of LE. Extracorporeal shockwave the...

    Authors: Mona Mohamed Mohamed Ismael, Mona Mahmoud Arafa, Abeer Ahmed Kadry El Zohiery and Soha Eldessouki Ibrahim
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:25
  32. To study the most common rheumatologic manifestations of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection in Egyptian patients and associated risk factors with assessment the effect of current therapies on these manifestatio...

    Authors: Hanan M. Fathi, Wafaa Y. Abdel Wahed, Ahmad A. Gomaa, Essam A. Hassan, Hanaa M. Eid, Fadwa Abdel Reheem and Soha H. Senara
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:20
  33. Intolerance to MTX is the most common cause of non-compliance that leads to poor disease control. Treatment is usually discontinued due to intolerance which interferes with compliance of the patient to long-te...

    Authors: Fatma H. EL Nouby, Nihal Ahmed Fathi, Amal Abdelaziz Fehr, Abdel-Azim Assi, Reem Mahmoud Lotfy and Samar H. Goma
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:36
  34. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a common idiopathic cranial mononeuropathy. The electrophysiological tests are one of supportive tools for localizing the site of facial nerve lesion, and to determine the severity and pro...

    Authors: Ibrahim Tharwat Abdelal, Enas Abdelkader Eliwa, Amany Mohammad Ebaid and Marwa Mohammad Abdelfattah
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:24
  35. Specific autoantibodies are considered as an important marker in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and are of great value for the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. A total of ...

    Authors: Sahar A. Elsayed and Omar M M. Mohafez
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:39
  36. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are considered as an autoantibody-mediated disorder that targets aquaporin-4 (AQP4); other autoantibodies could be detected in such spectrum of diseases, includi...

    Authors: Basant Elnady, Sabry M. Fathy, Tohamy Elkhouly and Sahar Ganeb
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:15
  37. The infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) contains only sensory fibers that innervate the knee regarding its anteromedial aspect and the anterior-inferior portion of its capsule. IPBSN damage has...

    Authors: Dalia Salah Saif and Mohamed Ahmed Eltabl
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:19
  38. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide disease. HCV-related arthritis is one of the extrahepatic manifestations of the disease. The treatment of chronic HCV has been revolutionized with the introduct...

    Authors: Samah M. Alian, Mohamed Othman Wahba, Ahmed Fathy Gomaa and Sahar S. Khalil
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:16
  39. To compare the clinical efficacy of platelet rich plasma (PRP) subacromial injection and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on refractory non-calcific partial thickness supraspinatous tendon tear.

    Authors: Samah M. Alian, Rabab S. Zaghlol and Sahar S. Khalil
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:17
  40. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ autoimmune disorder with wide variety of clinical presentations. Recently, red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been used as an inflammatory marker, s...

    Authors: Osama Sayed Daifallah Mohamed, Gehan Joseph Azmy and Esam Mohammed Abu Elfadl
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:38
  41. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune multi-systemic disease with predominant affection of connective tissue. Skin is characteristically affected in SSc and is almost responsible for oral complications as ...

    Authors: Enas A. Elattar, Mona G. Balata and Reem El Mallah
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:37
  42. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent in Egypt. It was found to be 7.0% in a study done in 2015. There are some studies on the prevalence of HCV in rheumatoid arthritis, but to our knowledge, n...

    Authors: Safaa Ali Mahran, Alaa A. A. Mohamed, Dalia A. Nigm, M. Z. A. Abu Rahma, S. Abd-Elsalam, Hesham Hamoud, M. Hamdy, M. I. Risha, Ahmad Hamdy, Mohamed M. Abdelkareem, Saad Ghanem, Mohamed Hanafy, Abdelhafeez Moshrif, A. Fehr, Fatma H. ElNouby, A. Osman…
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:1
  43. Impaired deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair may induce an autoimmune response in susceptible individuals. The association between DNA repair gene XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism and susceptibility of systemi...

    Authors: Mohamed A. Mortada, Haidy E. Zidan, Noha A. Abdelsalam and Mirvat A. Eltoukhy
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:2
  44. Albumin and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) are known biomarkers that can reflect systemic inflammation and it has been hypothesized that combination of both markers in one score (albumin-dNLR sc...

    Authors: Sahar Ganeb, Sami Egaila, Asmaa Hamed and Waleed Hassan
    Citation: Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 2020 47:5

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