Association of vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels with ankylosing spondylitis in Egyptian patients

Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

Table 4 Comparison of AS patients’ sociodemographic data and clinical data with relation to VEGF

		VEGF (ng/l)				T-test
		N	Mean	±	SD	t	p-value
Sex	Male	54	407.037	±	168.519	0.044	0.965
Sex	Female	16	405.000	±	143.015	0.044	0.965
Smoking	No	46	382.609	±	149.732	− 1.738	0.087
Smoking	Yes	24	452.500	±	177.672	− 1.738	0.087
Comorbidity	No	58	412.414	±	166.189	0.660	0.511
Comorbidity	Yes	12	378.333	±	143.390	0.660	0.511
Peripheral arthritis	No	52	409.231	±	156.178	0.232	0.817
Peripheral arthritis	Yes	18	398.889	±	182.560	0.232	0.817
Extraarticular manifestations	No	62	406.923	±	165.109	0.031	0.976
Extraarticular manifestations	Yes	8	405.556	±	157.488	0.031	0.976
HLAB27	Negative	54	403.333	±	156.036	− 0.305	0.761
HLAB27	Positive	16	417.500	±	186.029	− 0.305	0.761
Nonbiologic	NSAID	54	392.593	±	168.827	− 1.333	0.187
Nonbiologic	NSAID + sulfasalazine	16	453.750	±	130.429	− 1.333	0.187
ANOVA						F	P-value
Treatment	Non-TNF (IL17)	10	320.000	±	58.119	1.424	0.244
	TNF (etanercept)	40	428.000	±	180.188
	TNF (golimumab)	12	383.333	±	101.025
	TNF (adalimumab)	8	442.500	±	204.573

HLA Human leucocyte antigen, VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor, ASDAS Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, TNF Tumor necrosis factor. SD Standard deviation
P-values ≤ 0.05 are significant, and P-values ≤ 0.01 are highly significant