Table 2 Demographics, disease-related variables, and current medications in the headache and non-headache groups
Variable | Headache group (no = 31) | Non-headache group (no = 26) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD [Range] | 39.9 ± 10.0 [18–59] | 37.3 ± 9.3 [18–56] | 0.33 |
Sex (female/male) | (29/2) | (23/3) | 0.65 |
Disease duration (years) Median (IQR),[range] | 6.0 (4–10) [0.5–20] | 4.0 (3–7.3) [0.5–13] | 0.12 |
Clinical manifestations, no (%) | |||
Constitutional | 9 (29.0%) | 5 (19.2%) | 0.39 |
Mucocutaneus | 17 (54.8%) | 14(53.8%) | 0.93 |
Musculoskeletal | 30 (96.8%) | 18(69.2%) | 0.008* |
Serositis | 7 (22.6%) | 6(23.1%) | 0.97 |
Renal | 8 (25.8%) | 8(30.8%) | 0.68 |
Vasculitis | 9(29.0%) | 8(30.8%) | 0.88 |
Hematological | 11 (35.5%) | 10(38.5%) | 0.81 |
Neuropsychiatric | 12 (38.7%) | 3(11.5%) | 0.02* |
Immunological characteristics, no (%) | |||
ANA | 26 (83.9%) | 24 (92.3%) | 0.43 |
Anti-dsDNA | 22 (71.0%) | 17 (65.4%) | 0.65 |
Anti-Sm | 7 (22.6%) | 7 (26.9%) | 0.50 |
Anti-Ro | 9 (29.0%) | 10 (38.5%0 | 0.45 |
Anti-La | 6 (19.4 %) | 5 (19.2%0 | 1.0 |
aPL | 14 (45.2%) | 4 (15.4%0 | 0.016* |
Anti-P | 2 (6.5%) | 1(3.8%0 | 1.0 |
Hypocomplementemia | 12 (38.7%) | 9 (34.6%0 | 0.75 |
SLEDAI-2K | |||
Median (IQR) [range] | 17.0 (10–25) [6–38] | 12.0 (6.7–17.2) [4–29] | 0.016* |
SDI | |||
Median (IQR) [range] | 2.0 (1–3) [0–8] | 2.0 (0.8–2.3) [0–7] | < 0.55 |
Current medications, n (%) | |||
Glucocorticoids | 23 (74.2%) | 12 (46.2%) | 0.03* |
Antimalarial | 22 (71.0%) | 20 (76.9%) | 0.61 |
AZA/MMF/MTX/CsA | 24 (77.4%) | 19 (73.1%) | 0.70 |
Belimumab | 3 (9.7%0 | 3 (11.5%) | 1.0 |
Rituximab | 5 (16.1%) | 2 (7.7%) | 1.0 |
Anti-platelet | 9 (29.0%) | 9 (34.6%) | 0.65 |
Anti-coagulant | 2 (6.5%) | 1(3.8%) | 1.0 |