Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of the studied groups
Exercise group (n = 104) | Control group (n = 106) | Test | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||||
Mean±SD Median(range) | 54.9 ±7.22 55 (41–65) | 55.6±6.37 55 (45–65) | t=0.74 | 0.45 | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
Mean± SD Median(range) | 27.22±4.06 25.7 (23–42.9) | 27.05±3.2 26.5 (22.4–37.5) | t=0.34 | 0.73 | ||
Disease duration (years) | ||||||
Mean± SD Median(range) | 6.5±3.1 6 (2–15) | 5.9±2.7 5 (1–14) | t=1.49 | 0. 14 | ||
No. | % | No. | % | |||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 22 | 21.2 | 27 | 25.5 | 0.42 | 0.52 |
Females | 82 | 78.8 | 79 | 74.5 | ||
Educational status | ||||||
Illiterate | 11 | 10.6 | 22 | 20.8 | 2.9 | 0.09 |
Educated | 93 | 89.4 | 84 | 79.2 | ||
Employment | ||||||
Employer | 39 | 37.5 | 33 | 31.1 | 0.302 | |
Unemployed | 47 | 45.2 | 46 | 43.4 | 2.39 | |
Manual worker | 18 | 17.3 | 27 | 25.5 | ||
Marital status | ||||||
Married | 62 | 59.6 | 69 | 65.1 | 0.99 | 0.31 |
Single | 42 | 40.4 | 37 | 34.9 | ||
Residence | ||||||
Rural | 60 | 57.7 | 59 | 55.7 | 0.17 | 0.67 |
Urban | 44 | 42.3 | 47 | 44.3 | ||
Smoking | ||||||
No | 89 | 85.6 | 87 | 82.1 | 0.32 | 0.56 |
Yes | 15 | 14.4 | 19 | 17.9 | ||
Socioeconomic status | ||||||
Low | 30 | 28.8 | 24 | 22.6 | ||
Moderate | 65 | 62.5 | 75 | 71.7 | 1.84 | 0.39 |
High | 9 | 8.7 | 7 | 6.6 | ||
Comorbidities | ||||||
Yes | 45 | 43.3 | 54 | 50.9 | 1.55 | 0.21 |
No | 59 | 56.7 | 52 | 49.1 | ||
K-L grade | ||||||
Grade 2 | 53 | 50.9 | 58 | 54.7 | ||
Grade 3 | 40 | 38.5 | 41 | 38.7 | 1.13 | 0.57 |
Grade 4 | 11 | 10.6 | 7 | 6.6 | ||