Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

Table 1 Differences between the two groups as regards their demographic data and medical history

From: Heel pain in female patients with early knee osteoarthritis

	Heel pain				Test of significant	p
	Group 1 (N = 66)		Group 2 (N = 34)
	N	%	N	%
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	43.39 ± 3.04		44.29 ± 3.77		t = 1.290	0.200
BMI (kg/m²)
Mean ± SD	33.33 ± 5.50		35.53 ± 6.37		t = 1.792	0.076
Parity
Mean ± SD	2.76 ± 1.48		3.32 ± 1.12		U = 850.500*	0.042*
Occupation
Heavy/manual worker	19	28.8	19	55.9	X² = 7.207*	0.027*
House wife	38	57.6	13	38.2
Employer	9	13.6	2	5.9
Diabetes
No	39	59.1	12	35.3	X² = 5.085*	0.024*
Yes	27	40.9	22	64.7	X² = 5.085*	0.024*
Duration of knee pain (months)
Mean ± SD	11.08 ± 5.80		12.97 ± 6.62		U = 968.500	0.257
Duration of HP (months)
Mean ± SD	14.36 ± 10.29		17.41 ± 10.63		U = 920.500	0.137
Side of HP to index knee
Ipsilateral	28	42.4	9	26.5	X² = 2.598	^MCp = 0.279
Contralateral	4	6.1	3	8.8
Bilateral	34	51.5	22	64.7
Site of HP (manikin)
Area 26	32	48.5	22	64.7	X² = 2.377	0.123
Area 25	34	51.5	12	35.3	X² = 2.377	0.123

t, p: t and p values for the Student t test for comparing between the two categories. U, p: U and p values for the Mann-Whitney test for comparing between the two categories. χ², p: χ² and p values for the chi-square test for comparing between the two categories. ^MCp: p value for Monte Carlo for the chi-square test for comparing between the two categories. HP Heel pain, BMI Body mass index
*Statistical significance at p ≤ 0.05

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