Table 1 Key questions used to develop the guideline

• Who is at risk?

• What factors contribute to increased fracture risk/increased number of fractures?

• What is the best approach to case identification?

• Is there an approach for case stratification?

• Which diagnostic measurements or tools are effective in identifying increased risk of fracture?

• Which diagnostic methods or tools best predict response to pharmacological treatment?

• Who should treat osteoporosis?

• Which pharmacological interventions are effective in fracture prevention?

• For individuals prescribed pharmacological interventions, what is the optimal duration of treatment?

• Which type of monitoring should be conducted in individuals taking pharmacological interventions?

• What lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing the risk of fracture or improving BMD levels?

• What interventions are effective in improving adherence to the pharmacological interventions for fracture prevention? (drug administration route (oral vs parenteral), follow-up (specialist-led clinics, regular review, support groups), patient information)

• What is the clinical and cost-effectiveness of treat-to-target model of care (which include assessment, identification, treatment, and follow-up)?

• Management of osteoporosis in men

• Best approach to post-fracture care