Long non-coding RNA (H19) in patients with spondyloarthritis: association with disease parameters and ultrasonographic findings

Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation

Table 1 Comparison between the two studied groups according to different parameters

	axSpA patients (n = 40)	Control (n = 40)	Test of sig	p
Gender
Male	24 (60%)	25 (62.5%)	χ² = 0.053	0.818
Female	16 (40%)	15 (37.5%)	χ² = 0.053	0.818
Age (years)	36.4 ± 10.7	36.8 ± 9.7	t = 0.186	0.853
Smoking	9 (22.5%)	8 (20.0%)	χ² = 0.075	0.785
BMI (kg/m²)	27.3 ± 4.6	26.9 ± 4.3	t = 0.427	0.671
Disease duration (years)	8.5 (1.0–25.0)
Extra-articular manifestations	9 (22.5%)
Uveitis	5 (12.5%)
Psoriasis	2 (5%)
IBD	2 (5%)
Recent treatment
Biological naïve	20 (50%)
Anti-interleukin 17A	13 (32.5%)
Anti-tumor necrosis factor	7 (17.5%)
Laboratory findings
ESR, mm/h	27.1 (5.1–70)
CRP, mg/L	7.3 (0.2–55)
HLA-B27
Negative	19 (47.5%)
Positive	21 (52.5%)
ASDAS-CRP
Inactive	1 (2.5%)
Moderate	3 (7.5%)
High	16 (40%)
Very high	20 (50%)
BASDAI	6 ± 1.8
Inactive	8 (20%)
Active	32 (80%)
BASFI	6.3 (0.8–9.5)
BASMI	0 (0–10)
SPARCC index	1.5 (0–9)
Radiological findings
Non-radiographic	20 (50%)
Radiographic	20 (50%)
mSASSS	0 (0–60)
Belgrade score	2.5 (0–31)

SD Standard deviation, χ²Chi-square test, t Student t-test, U Mann–Whitney test
p: p value for comparing between the studied groups
BMI Body mass index, ASDAS Ankylosing spondylitis Disease Activity Score, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, BASMI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, IBD Inflammatory bowel disease, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, SPARCC The Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada, mSASSS modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score, HLA Human leukocyte antigen